If you’re looking for the best compost bins for eco-friendly gardening in 2025, I recommend considering options like countertop bins with charcoal filters for indoors, durable outdoor tumblers for quick composting, and dual-chamber units for continuous use. Features like odor control, weather resistance, and easy cleaning are key. Whether space is limited or you want large capacity, there’s a perfect fit. Stay tuned to discover the top picks that suit your needs precisely.
Key Takeaways
- Includes a variety of indoor and outdoor compost bins with features like odor control, durability, and ease of maintenance.
- Highlights eco-friendly materials such as recycled plastics, stainless steel, and sustainable composites.
- Emphasizes capacity options suitable for small kitchen scraps or large outdoor composting needs.
- Details features like ventilation, charcoal filters, and dual chambers for efficient, odor-free composting.
- Recommends versatile designs for eco-conscious gardeners, including space-saving countertop models and weather-resistant outdoor units.
EPICA Countertop Compost Bin for Kitchen
If you’re looking for an eco-friendly way to manage kitchen scraps, the EPICA Countertop Compost Bin is an excellent choice. Its compact size—just over 7 inches in diameter and 11 inches tall—fits perfectly on your countertop. With a 1.3-gallon capacity, it holds several days’ worth of food waste, making indoor composting hassle-free. The airtight lid and replaceable activated charcoal filter keep odors at bay naturally, so your kitchen stays fresh. Made from durable stainless steel, it’s rust-resistant, leak-proof, and easy to clean. This bin combines practicality with sustainability, supporting your eco-conscious gardening efforts effortlessly.
Best For: eco-conscious individuals seeking an efficient, durable, and odor-free indoor composting solution for their kitchen.
Pros:
- Compact and stylish design fits easily on countertops without taking up much space
- Airtight lid and replaceable activated charcoal filter effectively eliminate odors naturally
- Made from high-grade stainless steel, ensuring durability, rust resistance, and easy cleaning
Cons:
- Limited capacity of 1.3 gallons may require frequent emptying in high-waste households
- Replacement filters need to be purchased periodically, adding ongoing maintenance costs
- Slightly higher price point compared to plastic compost bins due to premium materials
VIVOSUN Outdoor Tumbling Composter Dual Rotating Batch Compost Bin
The VIVOSUN Outdoor Tumbling Composter stands out for gardeners seeking continuous, efficient composting with minimal effort. Its dual chambers, each holding 43 gallons, let you alternate between finished compost and fresh waste, ensuring a steady supply of nutrients. The 360° tumbling design makes mixing effortless—just spin, no shoveling needed. Deep fins on the panels improve aeration and break up clumps, speeding up decomposition. Built with a sturdy metal frame and weather-resistant PP plastic, it’s durable for outdoor use. Plus, included garden gloves and claws make handling and gardening tasks more convenient, making this composter a smart choice for eco-conscious gardeners.
Best For: eco-conscious gardeners seeking an efficient, low-effort composting solution with continuous nutrient production.
Pros:
- Dual chambers enable ongoing composting without interruption, ensuring a steady supply of compost.
- 360° tumbling design simplifies mixing, reducing manual labor and shoveling.
- Durable construction with weather-resistant materials guarantees long-term outdoor use.
Cons:
- May be heavy and bulky to move once filled, requiring effort or assistance.
- The 43-gallon capacity might be limited for large-scale gardening needs.
- Assembly could be complex for some users due to multiple parts and features.
LALASTAR Countertop Compost Bin with Lid
The LALASTAR Countertop Compost Bin with Lid stands out for those seeking an eco-friendly and stylish solution to kitchen waste management. Made from sustainable bamboo fiber, corn starch, and recycled materials, it’s a responsible choice for eco-conscious consumers. Its sleek, modern design features a cream color with reeded sides, fitting seamlessly into any kitchen decor. Compact at 7.2 inches by 9 inches, it holds about a gallon of scraps—perfect for daily use. The vented lid and charcoal filter effectively control odors, while the dishwasher-safe lid makes cleaning easy. Overall, it’s an attractive, functional, and sustainable option for home composting.
Best For: eco-conscious homeowners seeking a stylish, compact solution for countertop composting that effectively controls odors.
Pros:
- Made from sustainable, biodegradable materials like bamboo fiber, corn starch, and recycled components, ensuring eco-friendliness.
- Elegant, modern design with a compact size that fits seamlessly on countertops or under sinks.
- Equipped with vented lid and charcoal filter for effective odor control and easy cleaning with dishwasher-safe parts.
Cons:
- Some users have noted the potential for rusting screws due to non-stainless steel components.
- The charcoal filter may allow flies if not properly sealed, requiring careful maintenance.
- Slightly higher price point compared to basic compost bins, which may be a consideration for budget-conscious shoppers.
EAST OAK Compost Tumbler Outdoor, 43-Gal Dual Chamber Compost Bin
Designed for gardeners seeking efficient, continuous composting, the EAST OAK Compost Tumbler Outdoor offers a dual-chamber system that keeps organic waste turning smoothly. Made from BPA-free plastic and weather-resistant steel, it’s built to withstand outdoor conditions. Its 43-gallon capacity and 360° rotating design make mixing effortless—no manual digging needed. The dual chambers let you process new scraps while mature compost is ready, speeding up the cycle. Sunlight absorption from the black exterior helps retain heat, boosting decomposition. Easy to assemble and durable, this tumbler is a practical choice for anyone wanting quick, hassle-free composting in their yard or patio.
Best For: home gardeners and urban residents seeking an efficient, durable, and easy-to-use composting solution for continuous outdoor organic waste processing.
Pros:
- Sturdy construction with weather- and corrosion-resistant materials for long-term outdoor use.
- Dual-chamber design allows for continuous composting, saving time and effort.
- 360° rotating system simplifies mixing and aeration without manual digging.
Cons:
- Some users may experience minor issues with door sliding or leakage that require adjustments.
- Assembly can be time-consuming and may need help for easier setup.
- Excessive or insufficient aeration might impact composting efficiency if not monitored properly.
VIVOSUN Outdoor Tumbling Composter, 43 Gallon Black
If you’re looking for a compost bin that makes continuous composting straightforward, the VIVOSUN Outdoor Tumbling Composter with its dual 43-gallon chambers is an excellent choice. Its tumbling design 360° spins easily, mixing waste without manual digging and speeding up decomposition. One chamber can finish composting while the other collects fresh waste, ensuring a steady supply of nutrient-rich soil. Deep fins and air vents improve aeration, breaking up clumps and reducing the risk of odors or pressure buildup. Made with a durable metal frame and weather-resistant plastic, it’s built to last outdoors. Plus, included garden gloves and claws add convenience to your gardening routine.
Best For: Home gardeners and outdoor enthusiasts seeking a durable, efficient, and continuous composting solution with minimal effort.
Pros:
- Facilitates continuous composting with dual chambers for uninterrupted nutrient production
- 360° tumbling design for easy mixing without manual digging
- Durable construction with weather-resistant materials for outdoor use
Cons:
- May be heavy to rotate once filled, requiring effort or assistance
- Limited capacity of 43 gallons per chamber might not suit very large composting needs
- Plastic components, while weather-resistant, could be prone to cracking under extreme conditions over time
Utopia Kitchen Compost Bin for Kitchen Countertop
For anyone seeking a durable and stylish compost bin that fits seamlessly on the kitchen counter, the Utopia Kitchen Compost Bin stands out with its 1.3-gallon capacity and sleek stainless steel design. Made from sturdy stainless steel, it resists scratches, cracks, and chipping, ensuring long-lasting use. The bin features charcoal filters that naturally trap odors, so you can keep it on your counter without unpleasant smells. It’s easy to clean with warm, soapy water, and the spare filters help maintain fresh odor control. Its modern look complements any kitchen decor, making it a practical, attractive solution for collecting kitchen scraps during the week.
Best For: those seeking a durable, stylish, and odor-controlled countertop compost bin for convenient kitchen scrap collection.
Pros:
- Made from sturdy stainless steel that resists scratches, cracks, and chipping for long-lasting use
- Features charcoal filters that naturally trap and control odors, keeping your kitchen smelling fresh
- Easy to clean with warm, soapy water and includes spare filters for ongoing odor management
Cons:
- Limited capacity of 1.3 gallons may require frequent emptying in busy kitchens
- Stainless steel surface can show fingerprints and smudges, requiring regular cleaning to maintain appearance
- No lid or cover included, which might not contain odors as completely as enclosed bins
FCMP Outdoor IM4000 Dual Chamber Tumbling Composter
The FCMP Outdoor IM4000 Dual Chamber Tumbling Composter stands out as an excellent choice for gardeners who want to streamline their composting process while ensuring durability and eco-friendliness. Made in Canada from 100% post-consumer recycled plastic, it’s built to last outdoors, resistant to sunlight, and tough enough to handle harsh weather, including cold winters. Its dual chambers let you fill one side while the other cures, speeding up compost production—sometimes in just two weeks. Easy to assemble, it features large openings, ergonomic handholds, and aeration holes for efficient composting and simple access. It’s an eco-conscious, heavy-duty option perfect for busy gardeners.
Best For: eco-conscious gardeners seeking a durable, easy-to-use composter that accelerates composting in cold or harsh outdoor environments.
Pros:
- Made from 100% recycled plastic, environmentally friendly and sustainable
- Dual chambers allow continuous composting without interruption
- Durable construction resistant to sunlight, UV damage, and harsh weather conditions
Cons:
- Assembly can be challenging for some users and may require careful alignment
- Slight reports of cracked panels or manufacturing defects in some units
- Legs and moving parts may experience wear over long-term use if not maintained properly
EAST OAK Compost Tumbler, 43-Gal Dual Chamber Compost Bin
Looking for a compost bin that combines efficiency with durability? The EAST OAK Compost Tumbler offers a 43-gallon capacity with a sturdy, weather-resistant design. Made from BPA-free plastic and powder-coated steel, it’s built to withstand outdoor conditions and resist rust. Its dual-chamber setup allows continuous composting—one side matures while the other receives fresh scraps—plus the 360° rotating system makes turning effortless. With good aeration holes and deep fins, it promotes fast decomposition. Easy to assemble, it’s a practical choice for urban or backyard gardeners aiming for quick, high-quality compost. Plus, its black color absorbs sunlight to boost heat retention.
Best For: urban and backyard gardeners seeking an efficient, durable, and easy-to-use composting solution for continuous organic waste processing.
Pros:
- Sturdy, weather-resistant construction made from BPA-free plastic and powder-coated steel
- Dual-chamber design allows for continuous composting without interruption
- 360° rotating system simplifies turning and aeration for faster compost production
Cons:
- Assembly may require assistance and some minor adjustments for smooth operation
- Minor issues with door sliding or leakage can occur and may need troubleshooting
- Needs regular monitoring of aeration to prevent odor or composting inefficiencies
OXO Good Grips Compost Bin, 1.75 Gallon
If you’re seeking a compact, easy-to-use compost bin for your busy kitchen, the OXO Good Grips Compost Bin, 1.75 gallons, is an excellent choice. Its size is perfect for daily kitchen scraps, measuring 8.3 by 10.15 by 12 inches. The design keeps bags tucked inside neatly, and the stay-open lid makes scraping easy during cooking. Made of durable plastic with a smooth interior, it’s simple to clean and maintain. The soft-close lid allows airflow to reduce odors and pests, ensuring your countertop stays fresh. Overall, it combines convenience, hygiene, and odor control in an attractive, space-efficient package.
Best For: busy home cooks and small households seeking a compact, hygienic, and odor-controlled composting solution for everyday kitchen scraps.
Pros:
- Compact size fits easily on countertops without taking up too much space
- Unique design keeps trash bags neatly tucked inside for a tidy appearance
- Soft-close lid allows for good airflow, reducing odors and pests
Cons:
- Limited capacity may require frequent emptying for larger households
- Plastic material, while durable, may not appeal to those preferring eco-friendly or premium materials
- Lid removal for emptying could be less convenient if not handled carefully
Beautiful Kitchen Compost Bin with Smell Proof Lid
For anyone seeking a stylish and practical solution to kitchen composting, the KIBAGA countertop bin stands out with its smell-proof lid and odor-control features. Made from durable, rust-proof carbon steel with modern wooden accents, it’s both functional and attractive. Its compact size (10.2×7 inches) fits seamlessly on any countertop, while the built-in charcoal filter keeps odors at bay. The tight-fitting lid minimizes spills and pests, and the sturdy wooden handle makes it easy to carry. Easy to clean and hygienic, this bin turns composting into a sleek, mess-free activity, blending seamlessly with contemporary kitchen decor.
Best For: eco-conscious homeowners and modern kitchens seeking an elegant, odor-proof composting solution that fits seamlessly on countertops.
Pros:
- Stylish design with modern wooden accents that complement contemporary decor
- Effective odor control with built-in charcoal filters and airtight lid
- Compact size (10.2×7 inches) that easily fits on any kitchen countertop
Cons:
- Slightly tight fit when removing the lid, which may require some effort
- Filters may need replacement over time to maintain odor control
- Made in China, which might concern those preferring locally manufactured products
Hourleey Outdoor Compost Bin, Dual Chamber Tumbler
The Hourleey Outdoor Compost Bin with Dual Chamber Tumbler stands out for its large 43-gallon capacity, making it ideal for serious gardeners seeking an efficient way to manage kitchen scraps and yard waste. Its 360° tumbling mechanism with deep flaps allows smooth rotation without manual effort, simplifying the composting process. Large openings and a removable door make adding waste and retrieving finished compost easy. The bin’s aeration holes and deep fins enhance airflow, speeding up decomposition and improving compost quality. Built with a durable metal frame and weather-resistant plastic, this dual-chamber system ensures continuous composting, keeping your garden’s nutrients flowing seamlessly.
Best For: gardeners and homeowners seeking an efficient, durable, and large-capacity composting solution to manage yard waste and kitchen scraps with minimal effort.
Pros:
- Large 43-gallon capacity ideal for heavy composting needs
- 360° tumbling mechanism for easy rotation without manual stirring
- Durable construction with weather-resistant metal frame and plastic body
Cons:
- Size may be cumbersome for small yards or limited space
- Assembly could be complex due to multiple parts and features
- Heavyweight might require additional effort to move or reposition
Miracle-Gro Dual Chamber Compost Tumbler
The Miracle-Gro Dual Chamber Compost Tumbler stands out with its large, 18.5-gallon chambers that support continuous composting. One chamber is for adding fresh scraps, while the other cures, so you always have nutrient-rich compost ready. Its rotating design speeds up decomposition, producing usable compost in about 4-6 weeks. The sturdy galvanized steel base and pest-resistant seals ensure durability and year-round use. It’s made from BPA-free, UV-protected plastic, making it safe and long-lasting. With minimal effort—just rotate every few days—you’ll enjoy healthy, vibrant plants and reduce waste effortlessly. This tumbler is perfect for gardeners seeking a reliable, efficient compost solution.
Best For: Home gardeners and outdoor enthusiasts seeking an easy, efficient, and high-capacity composting solution to produce nutrient-rich fertilizer with minimal effort.
Pros:
- Large dual-chamber design allows continuous composting and quick turnaround in 4-6 weeks
- Durable construction with galvanized steel base and pest-resistant seals for all-season use
- Easy to operate with minimal maintenance—simply rotate every few days
Cons:
- May be heavy and cumbersome to move once filled due to its sturdy build
- Requires regular rotation to maintain optimal composting speed and effectiveness
- Plastic parts, while UV-protected, could degrade over many years in harsh environments
Outdoor Compost Bin with Gloves, 43 Gallon Dual Chamber Tumbler
A standout choice for eco-conscious gardeners is the Outdoor Compost Bin with Gloves, 43 Gallon Dual Chamber Tumbler, thanks to its innovative tumbling mechanism. It’s quick and easy to set up, taking just 10 minutes with only 34 screws, and most parts come pre-assembled. The dual chambers let you keep one pile active while the other matures, producing rich compost in about 4-6 weeks. The 360-degree rotating system with deep fins ensures even mixing without manual effort. Made from durable, weather-resistant materials, it’s built for year-round use. Plus, the included gloves and sliding door make adding waste clean and simple.
Best For: Eco-conscious gardeners seeking an efficient, durable, and easy-to-use composting solution for year-round outdoor use.
Pros:
- Quick assembly with most parts pre-assembled, saving time and effort.
- Dual chambers enable continuous composting, increasing efficiency.
- 360-degree tumbling system with deep fins promotes even mixing and faster compost production.
Cons:
- May require additional space due to its size and dual chamber design.
- Slightly higher initial investment compared to smaller or simpler compost bins.
- Requires regular monitoring to ensure optimal composting conditions.
3 Pack Hanging Trash Can with Lid for Kitchen, Bathroom, Office, Camping (White)
If you need a versatile and space-saving trash solution for various indoor and outdoor settings, the Pack Hanging Trash Can with Lid is an excellent choice. Each of the three bins measures 11.2 by 10.2 by 6.1 inches and holds 2.6 gallons, making them perfect for countertops, under sinks, or wall mounting. Made from durable plastic, they’re sturdy and easy to clean. The lid keeps odors and flies at bay, ensuring a hygienic environment. You can hang them on cabinet doors, walls, or use the included hooks, or stand them on the floor. They’re ideal for kitchens, bathrooms, offices, and camping trips, offering flexible, space-efficient waste management.
Best For: individuals seeking a versatile, space-saving trash solution suitable for kitchens, bathrooms, offices, camping, and other indoor or outdoor environments.
Pros:
- Compact size with a 2.6-gallon capacity, ideal for various spaces and mounting options.
- Durable plastic construction with a lid to prevent odors and flies, ensuring hygiene.
- Flexible installation options including wall mounting, door hooks, or standing on the floor, for convenient use anywhere.
Cons:
- May be too small for high-volume waste areas requiring larger bins.
- Plastic material might not be as sturdy as metal over long-term heavy use.
- Limited color options, primarily available in white, which may not match all decor styles.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Compost Bin
When choosing a compost bin, I consider its size and capacity to make sure it fits my needs. I also look at the material’s durability and how well it controls odors to keep my space fresh. Finally, ease of cleaning and placement options are important for convenient, hassle-free composting.
Size and Capacity
Choosing the right size and capacity for your compost bin is essential to ensuring it meets your needs without becoming a hassle. Picking a bin that’s too small means you’ll be emptying it often, which can be tedious and interrupt the composting process. Conversely, a very large bin might be cumbersome to move or clean. Capacity is usually measured in gallons—indoor bins range from 1 to 2 gallons, while outdoor tumblers can hold 43 gallons or more. Consider your household’s waste output: larger families need bigger bins to handle more organic waste between emptyings. Also, make sure the bin’s dimensions fit comfortably in your available space, whether in your kitchen or yard. Finding the right balance keeps composting efficient and manageable.
Material Durability
Selecting a compost bin that can withstand the elements and daily wear is key to maintaining an effective and long-lasting setup. Durable bins are usually made from stainless steel, high-grade plastics, or powder-coated steel, which resist rust, corrosion, and physical damage. Materials with UV-inhibition or weather-resistant coatings help extend the lifespan when exposed to sun, rain, and temperature fluctuations. The thickness and strength of the material also matter, as they determine the bin’s ability to handle impacts, weight, and general wear over time. While eco-friendly options like recycled or biodegradable materials support sustainability, they may have lower durability, so careful consideration is needed. Proper maintenance—cleaning and sealing—can also considerably enhance a compost bin’s longevity, regardless of its initial material.
Odor Control Features
Effective odor control is essential for maintaining a pleasant composting experience, especially if your bin is placed near your home or in a shared space. I look for bins with airtight lids and charcoal or activated-carbon filters, which effectively absorb and trap smells. Proper ventilation is also key; bins with well-placed ventilation holes promote airflow and reduce foul odors caused by anaerobic decomposition. Regularly replacing or maintaining odor filters ensures continuous odor absorption and prevents unpleasant smells from escaping. Sealed lids with odor-proof gaskets or tight closures help contain odors and keep pests like fruit flies and rodents at bay. Some bins even incorporate odor-neutralizing materials that chemically react with smell molecules, providing extra odor control and making composting a cleaner, more enjoyable process.
Ease of Cleaning
When it comes to maintaining a clean and odor-free compost bin, ease of cleaning plays a vital role. A smooth, non-porous interior surface makes cleaning simpler and reduces bacteria and odor buildup. Removable parts like lids, filters, or liners allow for quick, thorough cleaning and help keep the bin hygienic. If the bin is dishwasher-safe, it saves time and effort, eliminating manual scrubbing. Durable materials such as stainless steel or high-quality plastic resist staining and are easier to maintain over time. Wide openings and accessible designs are also beneficial, making it easier to rinse and reach all interior surfaces. Choosing a compost bin with these features ensures maintenance is straightforward, encouraging regular use and excellent composting results.
Placement Flexibility
Choosing a compost bin with versatile placement options can make your composting process much more convenient. Whether you prefer placing it on your countertop, under the sink, or outdoors, flexible options let you adapt to your space. Lightweight and compact designs make it easy to move between indoor and outdoor areas without heavy lifting or complicated setup. Some bins come with secure lids and odor control features, perfect for indoor use, while others are built to withstand weather, suitable for outdoor placement. Adjustable or removable mounting options like wall hooks or stands give you even more flexibility to fit the bin into your kitchen or yard. Considering how easily you can reposition your bin guarantees seamless integration into your existing waste management system and simplifies ongoing use.
Ventilation System
A well-designed ventilation system is essential for successful composting because it guarantees a steady flow of oxygen, which is critical for aerobic decomposition. Proper vents and strategically placed holes promote uniform airflow, preventing anaerobic conditions that cause bad odors. Compost bins with deep fins and aeration holes on the sides or lids boost oxygen penetration and help break up clumps, making composting more efficient. Adequate airflow also reduces excess moisture, minimizing mold growth, foul smells, and composting failures. When choosing a bin, look for features that ensure balanced ventilation, as this accelerates composting and keeps the environment healthy for organic waste. A good ventilation system is key to maintaining ideal conditions and achieving high-quality compost.
Price and Budget
Budget plays a crucial role in selecting the right compost bin, as it helps narrow down options and prevent overspending. I recommend determining your price range early, so you focus on models that fit your finances. Consider the cost-effectiveness by comparing size, features, and durability relative to the price. Keep in mind that higher-priced bins often offer advanced odor control, larger capacity, or more durable materials, but these might be unnecessary for small households. Look for good value by comparing features like filters, ease of cleaning, and design within your budget. Remember, investing in a quality compost bin can save you money long-term through better durability and more efficient composting. Finding a balance between cost and features ensures you get the best fit for your gardening needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Often Should I Turn My Compost for Optimal Results?
Turning your compost regularly is key to healthy, efficient decomposition. I usually aim to turn mine every 2 to 3 days. This helps aerate the pile, speeds up the breakdown process, and prevents odors. If your compost is moist and active, you might need to turn it more often. On the other hand, if it’s dry or slow, try turning less frequently. Just keep an eye on moisture and temperature for the best results.
Can Compost Bins Be Used Indoors Without Odors?
I get it; odor concerns can make indoor composting seem intimidating. The good news is, yes, you can compost indoors without smells if you choose the right bin and maintain it properly. I recommend sealed, odor-controlled bins with carbon filters and regular turning. When you stay on top of moisture and add browns like paper, you’ll find indoor composting manageable and eco-friendly, even in limited spaces.
What Are the Best Materials for Eco-Friendly Compost Bins?
When choosing materials for eco-friendly compost bins, I look for options that are sustainable and non-toxic. I prefer bins made from recycled plastics, cedar, or bamboo because they’re durable and environmentally friendly. These materials break down less quickly and have lower environmental impacts. Think about how easy they are to clean and maintain too, so your composting stays hassle-free and eco-conscious.
How Long Does It Typically Take Compost to Fully Decompose?
Composting time varies, but generally, it takes about 3 to 6 months for compost to fully decompose. I’ve found that proper balance of greens and browns, regular turning, and maintaining moisture speeds up the process. Warmer temperatures and smaller, shredded materials also help. If you’re patient and attentive, you’ll eventually get rich, dark compost that’s perfect for nurturing your garden.
Are There Specific Compost Bins Suitable for Small Urban Gardens?
Imagine a cozy corner of your small urban garden, where a compact compost bin transforms kitchen scraps into rich soil. I’ve found that tumblers and stackable bins are perfect for tight spaces, allowing easy turning and aeration. These bins are designed to fit snugly in small areas, making eco-friendly composting accessible without sacrificing precious garden space. They turn waste into treasure, even in the tightest urban quarters.
Conclusion
Just like the wise gardener who tends to their plants with patience and care, choosing the right compost bin is key to a thriving, eco-friendly garden. Whether you opt for a sleek countertop model or a rugged outdoor tumbler, each one helps turn kitchen scraps into garden gold. Remember, the path to sustainability is paved with small, mindful choices—so start composting today and watch your garden flourish like Mother Nature herself is smiling down.
